Iceland is home to some of the most majestic waterfalls in the world. Keep reading to learn about the geology of Iceland's waterfalls, why they’re so beautiful, and which ones you should add to your itinerary.
Iceland has thousands of waterfalls. New ones form every year from melting glaciers, and almost every river has a few. Regardless of the region you visit, there’s a good chance a waterfall is nearby.
Many of them are main attractions along the Ring Road, the famous route that takes visitors around the entire country. If you plan on renting cars and exploring on your own with self-drive tours, the waterfalls below won’t disappoint.
Key Takeaways
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Waterfalls are evidence of Iceland’s active geologic region, ever-changing landscapes, and natural history.
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Each waterfall in Iceland is unique, but all provide visitors with a close look at the raw power of the country’s geography.
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Guided and self-drive tours make it easy to see Iceland’s waterfalls and the nearby natural attractions that surround them.
The Geology of Icelandic Waterfalls
Iceland’s landscape is in constant motion. Active volcanoes, crawling glaciers, and shifting tectonic plates shape every region.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs directly through Iceland. The fault lines it creates form sharp cliffs, ridges, drop-offs, and volcanic formations — all ideal geologic conditions for waterfalls.
Many of the country’s most powerful waterfalls are born from glaciers, which cover around 11% of the island. As they melt, they feed fast-moving rivers that carve deep valleys and gorges into the terrain.
Over thousands of years, the relentless force of glacial water has created dramatic drops, forming the waterfalls that now tumble over cliffs and mountains.
Volcanic activity also plays a vital role in shaping these natural wonders. Much of Iceland’s terrain is made of basalt, a dark volcanic rock formed when lava cools. In some places, the lava cooled slowly and evenly, creating geometric basalt columns — striking formations that often frame waterfalls like Svartifoss Waterfall.
Together, glaciers and volcanoes have sculpted a landscape where water meets stone in some of the most spectacular ways on Earth.
Let’s go over some impressive examples of the power and magnitude of Iceland’s geologic energy.
Gullfoss Waterfall — One of the Top Waterfalls Near Reykjavik
Gullfoss Waterfall translates to "Golden Falls" and is considered by many to be Iceland’s most beautiful waterfall. It consists of two cascading falls that drop 105 feet (32 meters) into a deep canyon.
Situated on the Hvita River in Southwest Iceland, Gullfoss Waterfall is approximately 72 miles (116 kilometers) from Reykjavik. It’s one of the most well-known and visited waterfalls in the region and a main stop on Golden Circle tours.
Most popular in summer, Gullfoss Waterfall is also stunning in winter. The surrounding cliffs glitter with frost, and the falls take on a chilly platinum color, making it an amazing frozen waterfall to see in winter.
Glymur Waterfall — The Second Tallest Waterfall in Iceland
Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, by Jabbi. No edits made.
Glymur Waterfall is in Hvalfjordur Fjord in West Iceland. At 649 feet (198 meters) high, it’s the second-tallest waterfall in the country. For years, it claimed the title of the tallest waterfall in Iceland until 2007, when Morsarfoss Waterfall was revealed from beneath the melting Morsarjokull Glacier. However, many locals still refer to Glymur as the tallest.
Botnsa River feeds Glymur Waterfall. Dramatic cliffs, green valleys, and intricate volcanic rock formations make up the surrounding landscape. The area is ideal for photography.
Although not far from Reykjavik, Glymur Waterfall isn’t visible from the main road. You’ll need to hike about 3 miles (5 kilometers). Book a private hiking tour with an expert guide and enjoy the scenery. After your hike, relax in the nearby Hvammsvik Hot Springs.
If a hike to Glymur Waterfall doesn’t fit your itinerary, choose guided treks better suited to your schedule.
Hengifoss Waterfall — The Striped Waterfall
Hengifoss Waterfall is in East Iceland, about 19 miles (30 kilometers) from the town of Egilsstadir. The falls are 420 feet (128 meters) high, making it the third-tallest waterfall in the country. It’s a single drop over black lava cliffs with horizontal red stripes of clay in the rock face.
The beautiful hike to Hengifoss Waterfall from the parking lot is about 1.6 miles (2.5 kilometers). You’ll pass scenic cliffs and layers of colorful sedimentary rock. This is also a perfect chance to see the smaller Litlanesfoss Waterfall and the astonishing basalt columns that surround it.
While you’re hiking, make sure to check out the view over Lagarfljot Lake and Hallormsstadaskogur Forest, the largest forest in Iceland.
Haifoss Waterfall — The Gentle Giant
Photo by Michael Luenen
Haifoss Waterfall in South Iceland is part of Thjorsardalur Valley. It’s 400 feet (122 meters) tall, making it Iceland’s fourth-largest waterfall.
This picturesque region is something out of a movie. Rugged cliffs and expansive lava fields frame Haifoss Waterfall. Water spills into the deep canyon below. Natural attractions around Haifoss Waterfall include Hekla Volcano and the Fossa River, which feeds the falls.
Using 4X4 vehicles is the best way to access the falls. You can also hike from the small parking lot if the conditions allow it.
- See also: The Ultimate Guide To Driving in Iceland
Dettifoss Waterfall — The Most Powerful Waterfall in Europe
When it comes to sheer power, Dettifoss Waterfall reigns supreme. It’s the most powerful waterfall in Iceland and one of the most powerful in Europe. While only 148 feet (45 meters) tall, it’s about 328 feet (100 meters) wide. Approximately 6,815 cubic feet (193 cubic meters) of water rush over the falls every second.
If you’ve seen the movie "Prometheus" by Ridley Scott, you’ve seen Dettifoss Waterfall. It’s the setting for the dramatic opening scene.
Dettifoss Waterfall is in Northeast Iceland, making it a perfect stop on a day trip from Akureyri or nearby Myvatn Lake. It's also a main stop on Diamond Circle tours.
Seljalandsfoss Waterfall — Get Up Close and Personal
Seljalandsfoss Waterfall is a top attraction in South Iceland. Visiting the falls is a unique experience, as a pathway lets you walk all the way around it. You can also explore behind the falls via a wide cavern in the cliffs.
Standing beside Seljalandsfoss Waterfall is a truly impactful experience. It’s the perfect way to witness the power and serenity of this gorgeous natural attraction.
Many travelers visit Seljalandsfoss Waterfall as a day trip from Reykjavik. Located about 75 miles (120 kilometers) from the capital, it’s easily reached by rental car, making it a popular stop on both self-drive itineraries and guided South Coast tours.
Hraunfossar Waterfalls — The Lava Falls
Hraunfossar Waterfalls are made up of several small streams from the Hallmundarhraun Lava Field in West Iceland. Together, they form one of the country’s most picturesque natural wonders.
While many other waterfalls in Iceland exhibit powerful cascades, Hraunfossar Waterfall is calm and serene. The spring water that spills over the falls is crystal clear.
Explore Hraunfossar Waterfall on a small-group Silver Circle tour from Reykjavik.
Barnafoss Waterfall — The Rebel
Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, by Pjt56. No edits made.
Barnafoss Waterfall has a much different terrain than many of the country’s waterfalls. Jagged volcanic rock forms a meandering canyon. Rapids from the Hvita River run through the narrow gorge.
The barren landscape is a stark contrast to the nearby Hraunfossar Waterfall. Check out both while visiting the Borgarfjordur Fjord in West Iceland.
Skogafoss Waterfall — Where the Fimmvorduhals Hike Starts
Skogafoss Waterfall is a prominent waterfall located along Route 1 and marks the beginning of the famous hike over Fimmvorduhals Pass to Thorsmork Nature Reserve.
Various waterfalls of all shapes and sizes dot the region along the hiking trail above Skogafoss Waterfall. This is an ideal spot for hiking enthusiasts and photographers.
Svartifoss Waterfall — Picture Perfect
Svartifoss Waterfall is part of Skaftafell Nature Reserve. Both are located in Vatnajokull National Park, so make sure you add them to your itinerary if you plan to visit.
The basalt columns that surround Svartifoss Waterfall are some of the most spectacular in Iceland. The falls cascade right down the middle. You can choose from a few hiking trails through the beautiful scenery leading to this magnificent waterfall.
Artists have drawn inspiration from this beautiful natural structure for decades. For example, the design of Hallgrimskirkja Church in Reykjavik was modeled after Svartifoss Waterfall.
Dynjandi Waterfall — Westfjords Royalty
Dynjandi Waterfall is one of the main attractions in the Westfjords. Also known as the “Crown Jewel of the Westfjords,” it consists of a series of waterfalls that tumble 328 feet (100 meters) to the bottom.
You can hike to the base of the highest part of Dynjandi Waterfall and see several other cascades on your way. This is another perfect spot for photographers looking for shots they can’t get anywhere else.
A visit to this remote region offers the opportunity to check out the Latrabjarg Cliffs and Hornstrandir Nature Reserve.
Bruarfoss Waterfall — Iceland’s Bluest Waterfall
Bruarfoss Waterfall is located along the Bruara River in South Iceland, about 59 miles (95 kilometers) from Reykjavik.
It’s a small waterfall with a drop of 6–10 feet (2–3 meters). Don’t let its size deter you from visiting. Bruarfoss Waterfall has vivid blue water and peaceful natural surroundings.
A visit to Bruarfoss Waterfall allows you to disconnect if you’re staying in Reykjavik and need a break from the city. Consider a small-group minibus tour that stops at the falls.
Kirkjufell Waterfall — Three for One
Kirkjufellsfoss Waterfall includes three magnificent cascades at the foot of Kirkjufell Mountain. The waterfalls are the best point for observing the mountain, and they’re often photographed together. The area attracts nature lovers and those seeking inspirational landscapes.
Though smaller than many of Iceland's famous waterfalls, Kirkjufellsfoss Waterfall has a special charm that’s unforgettable. If you plan on exploring the Snaefellsnes Peninsula, don’t miss your chance to experience it.
Consider booking a guided tour of the Snaefellsnes Peninsula from Reykjavik for an unforgettable day.
Kvernufoss Waterfall — Off the Beaten Path
Kvernufoss Waterfall is one of Iceland’s hidden gems — literally. A gorge partially obstructs the falls, so it’s easy to overlook. Its reputation is also overshadowed by nearby Skogafoss Waterfall.
The Kverna River feeds Kvernufoss Waterfall, sending water off a 98-foot (30-meter) drop to the bottom of the gorge. The falls are on the east side of Skogafoss Waterfall. You’ll need to stand close to the river and look into the gorge to spot it.
Once you find the entrance over mossy rocks, it’s the perfect spot to relax and listen to the water. You can also walk behind the falls.
Aldeyjarfoss Waterfall — The Most Photogenic
Aldeyjarfoss Waterfall in the Highlands is one of Iceland’s most breathtaking waterfalls. Hexagonal basalt columns surround the falls that flow into a blue lagoon. Pictures don’t do it justice, but you’ll still want to bring your camera.
You’ll need a 4x4 vehicle to reach Aldeyjarfoss Waterfall. It’s best to visit in the summer, as the roads are often inaccessible in winter.
Morsarfoss Waterfall — The Biggest Waterfall in Iceland
Morsarfoss Waterfall is Iceland’s tallest waterfall, measuring 748 feet (228 meters) tall. It’s also very new, only appearing in 2007 after the Morsarjokull Glacier in Vatnajokull National Park started to melt. As the glacier melted, water flowed over cliffs that appeared from under the ice.
Getting close to Morsarfoss Waterfall isn’t possible due to its remote location. Hiking the Kristinartindar Mountain trail from the Skaftafell Nature Reserve will give you the best view. You’ll still need binoculars to see Morsarfoss Waterfall, but the experience won’t disappoint.
Tours That Feature Waterfalls in Iceland
Booking a tour is an easy way to see the best waterfalls in Iceland and the surrounding natural attractions.
Day Tours
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South Coast Waterfalls & Glacier Lagoon Day Trip From Reykjavik — Spend a full day exploring the Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon, Seljalandsfoss Waterfall, Skogafoss Waterfall, and more.
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Golden Circle Day Tour — Set out on a captivating journey of Iceland’s most famous sightseeing route, featuring geysers, waterfalls, and Thingvellir National Park.
Self-Drive Tours
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10-Day Circle of Iceland Self-Drive Tour — Discover every corner of Iceland at your own pace, including glaciers, waterfalls, volcanic landscapes, and black sand beaches.
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5-Day Northern Lights South Coast Self-Drive Tour — Chase the northern lights and visit the glaciers and waterfalls that make the South Coast so popular.
Locate the Icelandic Waterfalls You Want To Visit
Use this map of Iceland that features the most popular waterfalls in the country. Please note — this is not an exhaustive list, as there are countless other waterfalls in Iceland.
FAQs About Waterfalls in Iceland
If you still have questions about visiting waterfalls in Iceland, check out these commonly asked questions:
Do Icelandic waterfalls freeze in winter?
Some waterfalls, like Gullfoss Waterfall, partially freeze. This creates glittering ice formations. Others, like Godafoss Waterfall, continue to flow during the winter.
What’s the best time to visit waterfalls in Iceland?
Summer months (June to September) are best for accessibility and views created by the midnight sun. It’s harder to access some waterfalls in winter due to icy roads, but there are fewer crowds and beautiful frozen landscapes.
Are there entrance fees for waterfalls?
Most waterfalls in Iceland are free to visit. Major attractions like Seljalandsfoss Waterfall often have a parking fee. Play it safe and research whether there’s an entrance fee before visiting.
Can you drink water from Icelandic waterfalls?
Iceland’s water is some of the purest in the world and generally clean enough to drink. However, there may still be risks. It’s best to bring your own water when visiting natural attractions.
What’s the best way to see multiple waterfalls in one day?
There’s a high concentration of waterfalls on the Golden Circle Route, on the South Coast, and in North Iceland. Look for guided tours in these regions, or rent a car and explore on your own.
Are there any geothermal waterfalls in Iceland?
Many waterfalls are in deep ravines, making them difficult to access. However, you can bathe in the Laugavallalaug Hot Spring, which features a warm waterfall.
What should I pack when visiting waterfalls?
A waterproof jacket and hiking boots are essential, as many waterfalls create heavy mist. It’s also a good idea to pack a bag with extra clothes in case you get wet. Don’t forget your camera.
Which waterfalls are best for seeing the northern lights?
The northern skies above Godafoss Waterfall have minimal light pollution. Skogafoss Waterfall is a large open area that’s perfect for spotting and photographing the northern lights.
Do Icelandic waterfalls dry up in summer?
No, but some waterfalls change in volume depending on the season. Glacier-fed waterfalls like Dettifoss Waterfall and Morsarfoss Waterfall increase in summer. Spring-fed waterfalls like Hraunfossar Waterfall flow year-round at a stable rate.
What’s the best way to photograph Iceland's waterfalls?
It’s always best to use a tripod, especially for long exposure shots and to create a silky water effect. An ND filter helps control the light in bright conditions.
Chase Icelandic Waterfalls
A trip to Iceland isn’t complete without experiencing at least a few of the country’s magnificent waterfalls. Whether visiting them on hiking excursions or adding must-see waterfalls to your road trip itinerary, you won’t be disappointed.
Are you excited to visit waterfalls in Iceland? Which one is your favorite Icelandic waterfall? Tell us in the comments!
